Friday, November 28, 2008

Security lapses at: Ayala Center, Harrison Plaza mall, Robinsons Ermita, SM City Manila, Power Plant mall, Makati. Because of said lapses, deadly weapons could have been brought into said areas.

Several fast food stores in said areas did not have a visibly marked lane for senior citizens.

Ways to Stop Worrying
http://living.health.com/2008/11/01/3

-natural-ways-to-stop-worrying-now/


Jet Lag in Kids
http://pokedandprodded.health.com/2008/11/23/happier-holiday-travel-8-ways
-to-minimize-jet-lag-in-kids/

Foods and Pain
http://abcnews.go.com/Health/PainManagement/story?id=6334458&page=1

ageconcern web site
http://www.ageconcern.org.uk/

About mouthwash and hospitals
http://www.medpagetoday.com/ProductAlert/OTC/9377

about Breaking medicine tablets
http://www.ismp.org/consumers/Penny.asp

web sites with information about

child medications:
pediatrics.about.com/


kidshealth.org/

http://www.stjude.org/stjude/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=b993588865e70110VgnVCM1
000001e0215acRCRD&vgnextchannel=ad29a155fe033110VgnVCM1000001e0215acRCRD

http://www.childhooddisorders.com/children_medications.html

http://yourtotalhealth.ivillage.com/medication-children/http://www.medem.com/MedLB/article_de
taillb.cfm?article_ID=ZZZYLAKE03D&sub_cat=0

www.webmd.com/parenting/safe-use-of-medicine-for-children-8

http://www.cvshealthresources.com/topic/childmedsafety

http://raisingchildren.net.au/articles/medication.html

http://www.medicalert.org/Main/KidSmartPreventing.aspx

webmedia.nyp.org/childrensnyp/pdfs/tips_medications.pdf

http://www.fda.gov/FDAC/features/196_kid.html

http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/babies-kids/childrens-health/immunizations-and-vaccinations/vaccine-safety/v
accinations-for-children-4-07/overview/0704_vaccinations-for-children_ov.htm

http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5501a1.htm

http://www.goodpeds.com/getdbfile.asp?id=81

www.childrensnyp.org/mschony/patients/patient-safety.htm

http://www.parentsmedguide.org/

www.ucsfhealth.org/childrens/patient_guide/services/admissions.html

http://www.livemint.com/2008/10/27222200/OTC-drugs-risky-for-children.html


Drug Name Confusion_ Preventing Medication Errors
http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/2005/405_confusion.html
FDA Consumer magazine

July-August 2005 Issue
Drug Name Confusion: Preventing

Medication Errors

By Carol Rados

* The Problems
* The XYZs of Naming Drugs
* Satisfying the FDA
* Fixing the Problems

An 8-year-old died, it was suspected, after receiving methadone instead of
methylphenidate, a drug used to treat attention deficit disorders. A 19-year-old man showed signs of potentially fatal complications after he was given clozapine instead of olanzapine, two drugs used to treat schizophrenia. And a 50-year-old woman was hospitalized after taking Flomax, used to treat the symptoms of an enlarged prostate, instead of Volmax, used to relieve bronchospasm.

In each of these cases reported to the Food and Drug Administration, the names of the dispensed drugs looked or sounded like those that were prescribed. There have been others: Serzone, an antidepressant, for Seroquel, used to treat schizophrenia, and iodine for Lodine, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.

Adverse events that can occur when drugs are dispensed as the wrong medications underscore the need for clear interpretation and better communication between the doctors who write prescriptions and the pharmacists who fill them. The FDA says that about 10 percent of all medication errors reported result from drug name confusion.

"These errors are not usually due to incompetence," says Carol A. Holquist, R.Ph., director of the Division of Medication Errors and Technical Support in the FDA's Office of Drug Safety. "But they are so underreported because people are afraid of the blame." Errors occur at all levels of the medication-use system, from prescribing to dispensing, Holquist says, which is why those people who receive the
prescriptions must take action, too.

"Everybody has a role in minimizing medication errors," she says.The Problems
Medication errors can occur between brand names, generic names, and
brand-to-generic names like Toradol and tramadol. But sometimes, medication errors involve more than just name similarities. Abbreviations, acronyms, dose
designations, and other symbols used in medication prescribing also have the potential for causing problems. For example, the abbreviation "D/C" means both "discharge" and "discontinue." The National Coordinating Council for Medication
Error Reporting and Prevention (NCCMERP) notes that patients' medications have been stopped prematurely when D/C--intended to mean discharge--was misinterpreted as
discontinue because it was followed by a list of drugs.Illegible handwriting, unfamiliarity with drug names, newly available products, similar packaging or
labeling, and incorrect selection of a similar name from a computerized product list, all compound the problem. And, although some drug names and symbols may not necessarily sound alike or look alike, they could cause confusion in prescribing errors when handwritten or communicated verbally, according to the United
States Pharmacopeia (USP). For example, Holquist says that several errors have occurred involving mix-ups with the oral diabetes drug Avandia and the
anticoagulant Coumadin. Although they don't look similar when typed or printed, the names have been confused with each other when poorly written in cursive. The first "A" in Avandia, if not fully formed, can look like a "C," and the final "a" has appeared to be an "n." The XYZs of Naming Drugs Names are part of developing a new
drug. And coming up with a catchy, snappy moniker that distinguishes one drug from another isn't easy. For the most part, drug companies want a name that will boost sales, while consumers long for some indication from the name of what the drug does.
The FDA, however, won't allow names that imply medical claims, suggest a use for which a drug isn't approved, or promise more than they can deliver. Naming a drug can be as complicated as creating a rhythmic cacophony of unpronounceable syllables and
emphatic-sounding letters, such as C and P. Other naming strategies include letters that when strung together sound like something high-tech--think Zyprexa, Lexapro,
and Xanax. But whether it's the sound of certain letters that manufacturers like, or
the vision that a name conjures up, the FDA says that selection must take into account concerns for reducing errors and for avoiding trademark infringement.
Because of today's tough trademark requirements, many drug companies are turning to a growing industry of "naming" consultants for the task. These consultants are charged with creating a unique name that will appeal to both doctors and patients,
particularly given the recent surge in direct-to-consumer advertising. "Global companies want a name to be a worldwide mark," says Doug Kapp, vice president of brand strategy at RTi-DFD, a market research company in Stamford, Conn. In helping
pharmaceutical companies set their products apart from others, Kapp says his company recognizes that the name must resonate with the market target and also must pass worldwide trademark requirements.That recognition, he says, drove his company to develop "relational asemantics," a name-generation process that assists physicians in
identifying the nature of a drug.

No comments:

image of registry return receipt of letter addressed to Makati councilor J. J. Binay

image of registry return receipt of letter addressed to Makati councilor J. J. Binay